PCOS Awareness Month: Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal conditions affecting 1 out of 10 women of reproductive age. Yet, it often goes undiagnosed because the signs and symptoms can be subtle and inconsistent. In this blog, Dr. Laurence Jacobs shares important information about how to know if you have PCOS and how different lifestyle and treatment approaches can improve your health.
Understanding PCOS
A common misconception is that all women with PCOS experience irregular periods, excess hair growth, ovarian cysts or weight gain. However, not every woman with PCOS has all of these symptoms. Because there is no single test to diagnose PCOS, some doctors may miss the correct diagnosis, especially in young women, by only treating irregular periods with birth control pills.
Signs and Symptoms of PCOS
PCOS may present differently from woman to woman, but symptoms often include:
- Irregular or absent periods
- Infrequent or absent ovulation
- Infertility
- Hirsutism (excessive hair growth) of face, chest or abdomen; acne
- Weight gain or obesity
- Insulin resistance
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
Women must have two out of three of the following diagnostic criteria:
- History of irregular or absent menstrual cycles and/or no ovulation since puberty
- Hirsutism and/or high blood levels of male hormones: Testosterone and Androgens
- Vaginal ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries (20 or more follicles in one or both ovaries)
It is also important to note:
-Other endocrine issues, such as various thyroid and adrenal diseases, must be ruled out as their symptoms can mimic signs of PCOS.
-Ultrasound diagnostic criteria no longer applies to teenage girls.
Key Considerations
- Not all PCOS patients are overweight (Classical PCOS). Some may have what is known as Lean PCOS.
- Women with PCOS often experience irregular periods and infertility due to lack of ovulation and/or egg quality.
- Insulin resistance is common in PCOS patients. This means their bodies do not respond to glucose properly. In order to maintain normal blood glucose levels, the pancreas produces excessive insulin, which then increases fat storage and disrupts hormone levels. This leads to symptoms such as irregular periods, obesity, infertility and excess hair growth.
Lifestyle and Treatment Approaches
The good news is that addressing insulin resistance can help restore normal ovarian function. Research shows that lifestyle and medical strategies can improve fertility and overall health in women with PCOS:
- Nutrition: A balanced, lower-carb diet can help regulate blood sugar and hormone levels.
- Exercise: Regular activity supports insulin sensitivity and weight management.
- Supplements: Vitamins like Inositol may help regulate insulin resistance and menstrual cycles.
- Medications: Insulin-sensitizing medications such as Metformin are often used to improve ovulation and restore hormone balance. The beneficial use of GLP-1 agonist medications, such as Semaglutide (Ozempic or Wegovy) and Tirzepatide (Zepbound) along with proper nutrition and lifestyle changes will be discussed in part 2 of this PCOS blog.
- Weight reduction: Even a weight loss of 5–10% can enhance fertility, improve natural ovulation and increase success rates with fertility treatments, including IVF.
Expert Care for PCOS
Dr. Jacobs has helped women manage their PCOS for more than 40 years and was formerly the Director of the PCOS Center of Excellence. He understands firsthand how medications, supplements and lifestyle modifications can profoundly impact the health and fertility of PCOS patients.
If you think you may have PCOS or are struggling with symptoms, Dr. Jacobs and our team can help with the correct diagnosis and treatment options. Click here to schedule a consultation.
Stay tuned for part two of this PCOS blog which will discuss management and treatment options for those PCOS patients dealing with infertility issues.
Understanding Menopause: Real Talk About What’s Happening And What You Can Do
Menopause is a major life transition, but for many women, it can feel confusing, frustrating and even a little scary. That’s why Dr. Molly McKenna recently gave a presentation all about understanding what’s happening in your body and treatment options available.
Here’s a recap of what she shared.
What Is Menopause?
Menopause marks the permanent end of menstrual periods after the ovaries stop releasing eggs. It’s officially diagnosed after 12 months of no bleeding.
The average age for menopause is 51, but symptoms and changes can begin much earlier.
Definitions:
- Perimenopause: The transitional time leading up to menopause, where hormone levels begin to fluctuate.
- Menopause: The moment 12 months have passed without a period.
- Postmenopause: The time after menopause.
- Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: When menopause-like symptoms occur before age 40.
What to Expect: Common Symptoms
Menopause doesn’t affect everyone the same way, but hot flashes are the most common symptom. Dr. McKenna estimates 95% of her patients have them.
Other common symptoms include:
- Vaginal dryness or discomfort (reported by 10–40%)
- Sleep disturbances
- Mood changes like irritability, anxiety, or depression
- Changes in libido
These symptoms are not just "in your head," they are a real response to shifting hormones.
Do You Need Tests?
Sometimes, blood work can be supportive, but it’s important to remember that hormone levels fluctuate daily and this is merely a snapshot in time. One helpful marker is an elevated FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), especially levels above 15–25 IU/L during the menopausal transition.
But diagnosis is primarily based on your symptoms and menstrual history.
Treatment Options: You Don’t Have to Live with the Symptoms
Let’s be clear: You do not have to tough out these symptoms. There are several options available, depending on your needs and health history.
1. Lifestyle Changes
Healthy habits, like regular exercise, sleep hygiene and balanced nutrition, can help support your body during this time.
2. Non-Hormonal Medications
- SSRIs/SNRIs like Venlafaxine (Effexor) and Paroxetine (Paxil) can significantly reduce hot flashes (up to 62% improvement).
- Gabapentin, although off-label, has shown up to 45% symptom reduction in clinical trials.
- Fezolinetant (Veozah) is a newer, non-hormonal option.
3. Herbal and Natural Remedies
Some women report symptom relief from:
- Black Cohosh
- Evening primrose oil
- Ginseng
- Soy products
- Vitamin E
However, keep in mind the evidence for effectiveness is mixed.
4. Hormonal Therapy
Hormone therapy is still the most effective treatment for hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and bone loss prevention. Options include:
- Estrogen (oral, patch, gel, vaginal)
- Progesterone (needed if you still have a uterus)
Dr. McKenna emphasizes:
- Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest necessary time.
- Risks (like breast cancer) typically don’t increase until after 5+ years of use.
- Vaginal estrogen is a low-risk, localized option with no systemic absorption and it is safe for nearly everyone! This is one of Dr. McKenna’s favorite options.
Key Takeaways from the North American Menopause Society
- Hormone therapy is safe and effective for most women under 60 and within 10 years of menopause.
- Transdermal estrogen (patch or gel) may lower the risk of blood clots and stroke.
- Hormone therapy can be continued after age 65 if symptoms persist and benefits outweigh risks.
- Be cautious with compounded bioidentical hormones as they are not regulated by the FDA and may vary in dose or quality.
Menopause doesn’t need to feel overwhelming or isolating. Whether you’re in perimenopause, postmenopause or somewhere in between, you deserve real answers and personalized care.
Dr. McKenna and our team are here to support you every step of the way with compassionate care, up-to-date treatments and no judgment.
Have questions or symptoms you’re struggling with? Schedule a consultation with our team. You’re not alone and you don’t have to figure this out by yourself.
Patient Story- Kasi: Endometriosis, Infertility and the Path to Motherhood
As Endometriosis Awareness Month comes to a close, we wanted to share Kasi’s journey. It’s one of strength, resilience and hope. Kasi endured years of pain from endometriosis, multiple surgeries and several IVF cycles. Through every challenge, she never gave up on her dream of becoming a mother. Today she holds that dream in her arms- her beautiful son, Koah.
He has brown russet-colored eyes that are full of depth. They sparkle when he laughs and when he looks at me. He has his father’s hair and my jawline. His latte-colored skin comes straight from me. He is the light of my life and for many dark years, I wondered if he’d ever be here.
Years of Pain Without Answers
I had a plan for my life as many women do. The plan was to finish graduate school, get married, buy a house, and then start a family. My early twenties had their own hardships that centered around midterms and quarter-life crises. I also had unusually painful periods that most doctors dismissed with instructions to start taking ibuprofen a couple days before my period would start. But the pain would still leave me curled in a ball in the middle of my bed every few months. A doctor at the health services recommended taking birth control pills to help regulate my periods and reduce the pain. It worked for several years. When my husband and I turned 30 years old, we decided that we wanted to start our family. That required me to stop taking the birth control pills and to begin planning the next part of our lives. We planned on 2 or 3 children. We talked about the types of parents we would be, and we made plans around their impending arrival. But the arrival seemed stalled.
The pain was back. Sometimes it would be debilitating, and it would cause me to miss work. I was also having digestive issues that would cause chronic constipation and discomfort. I started a new job that could be stressful, so I thought it was all stress related. In the winter of 2012, the holidays were rough. After Christmas, I found myself in significant pain. I recently switched doctors and decided to see my new doctor to find out what was going on.
The Diagnosis That Changed Everything
Dr. Melissa Kwak was the first doctor who listened to me when I told her about all the pain I was having. She ordered an MRI that started me on my journey. The MRI found a fibroid the size of a grapefruit on my uterus. She sent me for further testing with Dr. Brett Cassidy and he recommended that I have surgery to have the fibroid removed in February 2013. I was 32 years old. I remember feeling so frustrated that my body could betray me in that way. I know the depth of the betrayal.
The surgery was meant to be laparoscopic. They explained that I would have tiny keyhole incisions made in my abdomen and another in my belly button so that the machine could excise the fibroid without them having to open me up with a lateral incision. They expected everything to go easily and after recovery, we could begin trying to have a baby again. When I woke up from anesthesia, I was in overwhelming pain. I began screaming and the nurses rushed to me. I heard one say, “We need to manage her pain!” I knew immediately that something went wrong. I kept asking over and over what happened, but no one answered me.
“You have endometriosis,” my doctor later explained to me. They had to abandon the laparoscopic surgery as soon as they could see what they were dealing with. They had to open me up laterally (like a c-section). I had adhesions all over and this was the reason for my extreme pain during menstruation. With endometriosis, endometrial tissue is found in other areas of the pelvis. When the body menstruates, the tissue in these other areas, outside the uterus, bleed as well. The body treats these areas as internal bleeding and rushes to heal it and create scar tissue around it. These are called adhesions. My doctor was able to save my reproductive system and remove the adhesions. He gave us the green light to begin trying to have a baby again. He explained that being on birth control was unknowingly treating the endometriosis. But to start our family, I could not take medication for the condition. The instructions were to get pregnant fast since there was no cure for endometriosis and the adhesions can return. We were optimistic, but another year passed without a baby.
IVF and the Emotional Toll of Infertility
We realized that it was time to talk to a fertility specialist to assist us. Dr. Cassidy recommended that we see Dr. Charles Miller in Naperville, IL to assist us. However, our insurance didn’t cover Dr. Miler. So, in 2014 we began working with another fertility clinic. The doctor with this center, decided quickly that IVF would be the best option. We were 33 years old, so the odds were in our favor.
At this clinic, we ran into more complications. They had trouble with egg retrieval. They sent me back to Dr. Cassidy for another laparoscopic surgery to remove more endometrial adhesions. We finally got 10 embryos but only 4 survived. They transferred 2 embryos in December 2014. We would have to wait 2 weeks to find out if the embryos took and if we were going to be parents. During that 2-week wait, my father-in-law passed away from heart disease and we were mourning. I look back on that period with a lot of pain. I often wonder if the grief and the negative emotions I felt made my body inhospitable for those little babies. We found out that the embryos didn’t take a couple days before the funeral, so we grieved my husband’s father, and the loss of the embryos. I fell into a mild depression after that. I admitted this to my doctor, and she suggested that I begin seeing a therapist. I was dealing with a lot of guilt and grief over my father-in-law passing. I felt like I was selfish in his last days because I was so focused on the embryo transfer, but I also felt that I was a terrible mother to those embryos because I did not provide a positive environment where they could grow.
Infertility can be a lonely thing. Even though I was surrounded by doctors and nurses and friends and family who encouraged me, I still felt alone. I felt profound shame and inadequacy. I didn’t think that I was worthy to be a mother and maybe somehow God had ordained it to be this way. I received confirmation of my own perceived condemnation when a second embryo transfer did not yield a pregnancy. I needed time off. For a year, I didn’t want to think about fertility or trying to have a baby. But during this time off, the endometriosis did not leave me. The pain became severe again and I knew that I’d need to address it and decide if we’d want to try to be parents again. Through this time, we switched to a new insurance. I went to see Dr. Cassidy to ask about another surgery for the endometriosis. He asked us again if we thought about Dr. Charles Miller. He said he was one of the leading specialists in the area for endometriosis and he could do the surgery. We investigated our insurance coverage, and we were happy to find that Dr. Miller was covered.
Finding the Right Specialist
When we first met with Dr. Charles Miller, it was on a Sunday. He was dressed in a beautiful suit. He looked outstanding. He immediately helped us feel at ease. He tailored the treatment plan to me and my unique circumstances. That was refreshing, because our last doctor wanted to use the same protocol with me that she used for every woman she treated, regardless of the diagnosis. We were 35 years old and desperate to make things work. The fertility world talks about age 35 as the gateway into geriatric pregnancy. The percentages of successful live births begin to go down at this point and risks of birth defects and other issues increase. We were anxious to get started. I had 4 or 5 surgeries, numerous egg retrievals and 3 embryo transfers with Dr. Miller. I remember, after a disappointing cycle, we sat in Dr. Miller’s office with him. He was quiet after explaining what happened and we were quiet. I remember asking him not to give up on me. I remember he took my hand and told me that he was willing to fight along with us for as long as we were willing to fight.
In January 2020, I needed another surgery for endometriosis. I was 39 years old and desperate to try again before I turned 40. We had one frozen embryo left from the previous cycle. The plan was to have the surgery, do a few more egg retrievals so we could transfer more than one embryo. The odds are always better when you have more than one embryo to transfer. By the summer of 2020 I went for tests, that showed that I wasn’t ovulating after the last surgery and there wasn’t much hope of getting more embryos. Dr. Miller talked to us about donor eggs, but my husband and I didn’t want to give up on the dream of having a child that was a little bit of both of us. So, we decided to transfer the one embryo we had. We decided we were done with the whole IVF process. We started looking into foster care and adoption. It took another 6 months to get insurance and all other circumstances to line up.
One Last Chance at Motherhood
In February 2021, a few months after I turned 40-years-old, I came into the office to transfer the last embryo we had frozen. We were in the thick of COVID protocols so my husband couldn’t come in with me. When the doctor came in, I tearfully told him about the amazing impact he had on my life. I told him that no matter the outcome, I was just so grateful that I had the opportunity to reach for my dream when so many other women didn’t even get the chance to try. We both cried and he told me that he had a great feeling about that transfer. I had a sense of peace after that last cycle. In the past I did acupuncture after the embryo transfers to increase the odds of the embryo taking. But this last time, we chose to go to my father’s house and pray. My husband, my father, and I joined hands and prayed the most beautiful prayer about gratitude and joy regardless of the outcome.
The Call That Changed Everything
On the morning of my blood test after the 2-week-wait, I felt hopeful and peaceful. I knew this was going to be my last time going through the process and maybe knowing this gave me peace that day. Normally, the results of the pregnancy tests came to us on a portal app on my cell phone. I thought that I wouldn’t hear anything until the afternoon. During my morning break from work, I decided to lay down and take a nap. Before I could fall asleep, my phone started ringing and it was Dr. Miller’s office. They never called before on pregnancy test day, so my heart was in my throat when I answered the phone. The nurses in the office had me on speaker phone. The phlebotomist, the ultrasound tech, and two of the nurses were gathered around the phone. They asked me if I was sitting down. When I told them I was, one of the girls screamed, “You’re pregnant!” I immediately fell on my knees. I cried on the phone with them for what felt like an hour. I could hear a few ladies crying with me and I heard them yelling “Congratulations!’ I couldn’t even speak. It was 10 years of waiting. 10 years of crying. 10 years of wondering what I had done wrong, 10 years of disappointments. The emotion that flowed through my body in that moment was pure joy.
A Dream Come True
My pregnancy went forward without any complications. We were blessed because I was healthy, and the baby was healthy. I gave birth to a beautiful baby boy named Koah. I am certain that I just gazed at him for hours. I still love to look at him. We had waited so long for him, and he had waited for us as a frozen embryo. He was the very last to be transferred, but he was destined to make it into our arms. Koah is our only child, but our hearts remain open and excited about this beautiful life we will have with our son. I knew from the moment that my pregnancy was confirmed that I would share this story. I knew that I wanted to encourage other women who feel isolated while going through this journey. I persevered and I was able to experience the miracle of feeling a life growing inside me. I can watch him grow as a walking and breathing testament to my own strength and endurance. The journey taught me to feel worthy regardless of the outcome and I am looking forward to helping other women feel empowered and strong.
-Kasi
Understanding Endometriosis: What Patients Need to Know
In honor of Endometriosis Awareness Week, we asked Dr. Kirsten Sasaki what she thought patients need to know about this disease that affects 1 out of 10 women.
What to Expect During Your Endometriosis Appointment
If you think you may have endometriosis, being prepared for your medical appointment can help you get the most out of your visit. Here’s what you can expect:
- Thorough medical history including any surgeries and menstruation history
- Physical exam including pelvic exam and pelvic ultrasound
- Depending on findings, your doctor could recommend further lab work and/or an MRI
How to Advocate for Yourself During Your Appointment
Advocating for your health is important, especially with a condition like endometriosis that is often misdiagnosed or overlooked. Here’s how you can make the most of your appointment:
- Tell the physician about any pain, discomfort, bloating or abnormal bleeding you are experiencing
- Don’t wait for your physician to bring up these questions. Write them down before the appointment. Writing down your questions and symptoms ensures you don’t forget to mention any concerns.
- Be direct with your physician. Ask if any of these symptoms might be occurring because of endometriosis.
Key Endometriosis Symptoms to Track
Tracking your symptoms can help with diagnosis and treatment. Pay attention to:
- Pain both on and off your period
- Pain during intercourse
- Painful bowel movements
- Changes in bowel habits during and around your period
- Heavy or prolonged bleeding (periods lasting more than seven days or needing to change protection every 1–2 hours)
- Frequency of NSAID use for pain relief
- Missed work or social activities due to pain
Common Misconceptions About Endometriosis
One of the biggest myths about endometriosis is that if your imaging (such as an ultrasound) is normal, you don’t have the disease. In reality, many patients have normal imaging results yet still experience all the symptoms of endometriosis. A laparoscopy can definitively diagnose the condition by allowing the doctor to confirm the presence of endometriosis and remove the diseased tissue via excision.
Finding Relief from Endometriosis Symptoms
Various treatments can help manage endometriosis symptoms and improve quality of life. Patients may find relief through:
- Pelvic physical therapy can help reduce pain and improve mobility.
- Acupuncture may help alleviate symptoms by promoting circulation and reducing inflammation.
- Exercise and regular movement can help reduce pain and improve overall well-being.
- Eating a healthy diet rich in vegetables while limiting processed foods and red meat may help manage inflammation and symptoms.
Endometriosis is often underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed leaving many patients to endure years of pain and countless doctors appointments before receiving a diagnosis. No one should have to leave their pain untreated.
Our dedicated team is here for you, request a consultation.
Patient Story- Chloe- Asherman's Syndrome
Today we are featuring Chloe’s patient journey with intrauterine adhesions. According to Dr. Miller, these adhesions are one of the hardest things to deal with in infertility. Chloe sought Dr. Miller’s help after a pregnancy loss and being diagnosed with Asherman’s syndrome, a condition where adhesions form inside the uterus. Dr. Miller performed surgery to remove the adhesions and Chloe participated in a clinical trial aimed to prevent the return of these adhesions. The surgery was successful and Chloe recently welcomed her daughter, Charlotte. We are so happy to have played a part in helping Chloe become a mother.
Check out Chloe’s story:
In September 2021 we found out that we were pregnant with our first baby and we were over the moon. Fast forward to January 2022 and we lost our little boy when I was 23 weeks pregnant. We were distraught and didn’t know what to do. On top of losing our baby I was then diagnosed with Asherman's Syndrome. According to the Cleveland Clinic, Asherman’s syndrome is an acquired condition where scar tissue (adhesions) form inside your uterus. The scar tissue can build up, decreasing the amount of open space inside your uterus. Women with Asherman’s syndrome may experience light or no periods, pelvic pain or infertility.
We weren’t very educated on this syndrome at the time, but later on found out that it would be difficult to get pregnant with Asherman's syndrome. I was told that I would need a hysteroscopy to get rid of these adhesions. A hysteroscopy is a procedure in which a surgeon inserts a thin, lighted telescope to see inside the uterus. Adhesions can be removed at this time.
I knew that I wanted to make sure I had the best doctor performing this procedure since my ability to have kids depended on it. I learned about Dr. Miller from my husband's cousin, who is a nurse in Park Ridge. At the end of 2022 I scheduled an appointment. Dr. Miller ended up performing the hysteroscopy and lysis of adhesions in March 2023. I took part in a clinical trial to get rid of my adhesions. The trial looked at the effect of a soft gel-like material, called Juveena™ Hydrogel, inserted into the uterus after the removal of adhesions to reduce the formation of adhesions again.
After my procedure the nurse told me that my adhesions were some of the worst she had ever seen. However, they felt like they had gotten all of them. I had a follow up a few months later where I was told everything looked good and I was ready to try for another baby.
In November 2023 I found out that I was pregnant again. My husband and I were very excited, but also nervous after everything we had previously gone through. Dr. Miller and his team were great from the moment I told them that I was pregnant. They got me in for a visit right away and started monitoring me until they felt I was in the safe zone.
In June we welcomed a sweet little girl named Charlotte into the world. We are so in love with our baby and so thankful to Dr. Miller and his team. If it wasn’t for him I truly don’t believe we would have Charlotte. I know if I have any issues in the future Dr. Miller would be the first person I would reach out to.
Patient Story- Charlinda
As we wrap up Endometriosis Awareness Month, it’s only fitting that we share a patient story with you. Charlinda had endured years of pain and surgeries because of her endometriosis and wondered if she would ever be able to have a child. In 2017, she was referred to Dr. Miller. He performed surgery and three short months later, Charlinda conceived her son, Preston. Today is Preston’s 6th birthday! Charlinda shares her journey so that others won’t let a diagnosis like endometriosis discourage them from motherhood. Read Charlinda’s inspiring story below.
I remember how what first looked like a super sad day actually became a blessing in disguise. Sitting nervously in my OBGYN office, hearing her tell me she could no longer see me, felt like a huge break up. She was the only doctor I trusted since moving to Illinois. Due to the numerous endometriosis surgeries she performed on me and the fact that I wanted to become a mom one day, she felt there was another doctor who could better help me. With tears in my eyes, I reluctantly took the number of Dr. Charles Miller.
At the time, I was in my late 30s and not feeling particularly optimistic about meeting a new doctor and his staff for the first time. However, my OBGYN said Dr. Miller was the best in the area and I trusted her judgment. I walked into the waiting room and saw anxious couples and beautiful baby pics posted on the walls. At that moment I told myself my child will be on that wall one day. I finally met Dr. Miller who just returned from vacation, fully tanned and full of life. He listened intently as I explained my health journey and how I knew IVF financially wasn’t an option. It’s been some years but I do remember him saying this was not a problem and that he would get me as close as he could as though I would be an IVF patient. Per his recommendations, I exercised more and ate a healthier diet in preparation of my surgery to remove the endometriosis. I can honestly say after all of my other surgeries this one was the easiest recovery I ever experienced. I followed his plan to a tee and I conceived three months later. Now my son just turned 6 years old.
I know everyone’s journey is different but I share my story so others won’t allow a diagnosis that “may” increase infertility discourage you. Once realizing I was determined to defy the odds, I kept reminding myself what my parents constantly told me, fear and faith cannot live in the same house. I was so proud to announce to Dr. Miller I had a successful pregnancy. Once he knew I conceived, it was onto the next patient. This just goes to show his dedication to his craft. This is so important because I didn’t need him to hold my hand but to get me healthy enough for a fighting chance to conceive naturally. I was glad to get him quickly back to make other women moms. Words can’t express the gratitude our family has towards Dr. Miller and his entire staff!! Thank you.
Cervical Cancer Prevention- Q&A with Dr. Sasaki
January is Cervical Cancer Awareness Month. The American Cancer Society estimates almost 14,000 women in the United States will be diagnosed with cancer this year. However, with proactive measures, prevention is possible. We asked Dr. Kirsten Sasaki to explain the key aspects of cervical cancer, including risk factors, screening methods and the role of the HPV vaccine.
Q: Who is most at risk for cervical cancer?
A: Anyone who is sexually active is at risk for cervical cancer. Unprotected intercourse with multiple partners increases a patient's risk, as well as any conditions that may suppress one's immune system (HIV, being on chronic steroids).
Q: How do you screen for cervical cancer and how often?
A: I screen patients for cervical cancer by performing regular screening pap smears which look at the cells of the cervix, as well as testing for evidence of the HPV (human papillomavirus) virus.
Q: Do you recommend the HPV vaccine for prevention of cervical cancer? If so, who is eligible?
A: Yes, I recommend everyone get the HPV vaccine. It is best to get it around ages 11-12, but you can receive as early as 9 years old. Patients can receive the vaccine up to 45 years old, but it is less effective if you have already been exposed to the HPV virus.
Q: How does the HPV vaccine prevent cervical cancer?
A: More than 90% of cervical cancer is caused by HPV. The vaccine helps to build up your immune system to fight off an HPV infection, so if you are exposed to HPV in the future, your body may prevent it from infecting your cells, and thus placing you less at risk for cervical cancer.
Q: What is the one thing you would like your patients to know about this disease?
A: I would like patients to know that cervical cancer can be prevented with vaccination and regular pap smear screening. Do not be afraid to get a pap smear, because most patients who develop cervical cancer have not been screened with a pap smear for many years.
Dr. Sasaki emphasizes the importance of regular screenings and vaccination as powerful tools in the prevention of cervical cancer. To schedule an appointment with Dr. Sasaki call 630-428-2229 or request one online.
Patient Story- Breda
“Not everyone will understand IVF or be able to relate, so it’s important to surround yourself with support. More people than you realize struggle with infertility.”
Today’s patient story is from Breda. After not finding success or feeling comfortable at another fertility clinic, Breda came to us. We are all glad she did! Dr. Miller was able to diagnose her with endometriosis and after surgery and IVF, she was able to get pregnant. Breda is due in January!
Breda writes:
I met my husband later in life and we got married when I was 38. I was and still am wary of the stigma of older mothers, even though being older is accepted. I’ve always wanted a family and we started trying right away, but I had three miscarriages in a year and a half. I was at a different fertility clinic for a year, but didn’t feel comfortable there. My husband’s colleague recommended we see Dr. Miller and what a difference!
We first met online during COVID and Dr. Miller told us, “You’ll be a mother, kiddo.” He was so kind, didn’t rush us, and he explained everything. He learned I was an English teacher and told me a story that put me at ease. He never stopped his storytelling, and I welcomed his personable demeanor after some bad experiences at the previous clinic. Dr. Miller found issues that the previous doctor did not, including endometriosis.
After a biopsy, Dr. Miller found abnormalities in my uterus and I was diagnosed with Level 1 endometriosis. During surgery, he removed five spots on my uterus. I also had the Endometrial Receptivity Assay biopsy to determine the receptivity of the uterus to implantation. Soon after, we had an egg retrieval and two transfers.
Throughout this process, Dr. Miller and his staff explained everything so thoroughly and never seemed irritated or disinterested when I had questions. I also got to know Dr. Miller and the nurses because they talked to me during appointments. I always felt people cared and were invested in our success. I felt so secure going into our procedures and never felt anxiety or stress visiting the office.
Even though our first transfer failed, a second embryo implanted and I will never forget that experience. Dr. Miller, Courtney, and Melody were present for the transfer, and made me feel so comfortable. Dr. Miller even told us a funny story about meeting an actor from Will & Grace. While we waited after the transfer, my husband and I held hands and prayed, and we also talked about how wonderful it would be if it worked. Many times, we dreamed of finishing our nursery and being able to move forward with our plan. The transfer worked, and our baby is due January 8, 3.5 years after we began IVF and what seems like a million doctor appointments.
I was very nervous the first 12 weeks of my pregnancy and braced myself for bad news, but at every ultrasound Courtney reassured me with her positivity. We are so grateful for everyone at the Naperville office.
It took until I was about 20 weeks pregnant for me to relax and realize we’re finally going to be parents! I’ve cried many happy tears for a change! Not everyone will understand IVF or be able to relate, so it’s important to surround yourself with support. More people than you realize struggle with infertility. Meditation and journaling are helpful (as well as long walks with our dog, my first baby). Finally, never stop hoping and praying, even if you’re an older mother!
Patient Story- Julia
“This is why you keep fighting; so that you can have peace. Whatever outcome will bring you peace, that is what you fight for.”
Julia is a patient that our office has known for quite some time. She recently welcomed her third baby boy and we have enjoyed getting updates and pictures throughout the years. A seasoned IVF veteran, Julia has been through it all and yet she is incredibly candid about her experience. This openness has led her to volunteer to answer calls for the Resolve support line twice a month. While there aren’t many calls, she is so grateful when she gets to speak to someone and give them some hope. We are so grateful that Julia has shared her story.
She writes:
The other day, I took my two older boys to the fire station open house. It was absolutely packed, it seemed like everyone from our town was there. I looked around at all of the children, moms, dads, siblings, grandparents, etc. and had a moment of self-doubt.
“I don’t belong here,” I thought to myself. “This event is for families.”
As if on cue, my middle son reached up to hold my hand, and my older son ran ahead and called out for me. “MOM! This way, follow me!”
I was instantly brought back to reality, my feelings of insecurity disappearing and belonging restored. I am a mom (of three boys!), and I DO belong at family events, school drop-off, parent-tot classes, parks and baby pools, and in the club that is Parenthood.
The lingering grief and pain of infertility can rear its ugly head at the strangest moments, like it did that Saturday morning. I remember the feeling of fear so well; the fear that I would never become a mom. I know all too well how painful the treatments and the unknowns are as I fought long and hard for my boys. However, I also know the peace that comes from a dream achieved. I want to instill hope in anyone who has that fear and pain, who is in the throes of fertility treatment, who is struggling with self-doubt and the unknown.
I have three beautiful and healthy boys. They are almost perfectly spaced apart; 2.5 years. From the outside looking in, we are a very typical family. And in most senses, that is correct – except for how our family was created.
We waited four years for our first son. I worked for one year with my ob-gyn and Clomid. I then had six stimulated rounds with my first fertility specialist and one miscarriage. When I met Dr. Miller, I had two more failed IVF rounds before we chose to use a donor egg. I had a polyp removal surgery. I did three trial cycles to determine the optimal window for an embryo transfer. We lost our first donor due to poor response to stimulation while I was on hormones alongside her. With our second donor, my first transfer was a blighted ovum that ended in two separate D&C surgeries. After extensive blood work, I was diagnosed with MTHFR, a genetic blood-clotting disorder that can affect implantation.
On November 9, 2016, my 13th cycle, I became pregnant with my first son.
Charlie was cycle 13. James was cycle 15. John was cycle 16.
I share the details of my journey not to overwhelm you, but to give you strength. Maybe your journey will be shorter than mine. Maybe it will be longer. It often felt daunting, hopeless at times, and never-ending. I remember the receptionist at Dr. Miller’s office pulled out my file. It looked like several copies of the Yellow Pages stacked on top of each other. During one of my meetings with Dr. Miller, he put his hand on top of that file and said, “Julia. We haven’t been through this much, for you to not get pregnant. I WILL get you pregnant.” I trusted him and pushed forward despite the fear and pain.
This is why you keep fighting; so that you can have peace. Whatever outcome will bring you peace, that is what you fight for. And you will know when that time comes. People ask me how I did it. They want to know how I managed the appointments and driving, the shots and tests, the physical side effects and emotional trauma, the disappointment and the grief.
I tell them the truth; you just do it. You have to keep going so that you can have your peace.
I promise that the grief and fear will fade with time. It might make an appearance here and there after you have achieved your dream, but that is just a little bit of PTSD from the journey. It will fade. You will hold your little miracle, you will walk with your child at the fire station open house, or into that parent-tot gym class, or to the first day of preschool, or story hour at the library and you will belong. You will feel peace.
Believe in Dr. Miller. Believe in his nurses, the ultrasound techs, the phlebotomist, his entire staff. Throw in some prayers, push forward, and wait for your time to come.
Overcoming Fertility Issues
Fertility is a tough area to navigate, especially when you hear of other people’s seemingly easy success at becoming pregnant. Baby showers, ultrasound photos, gender reveals, even baby shops can be hard to take. While fertility issues are actually not uncommon, it’s still a hushed topic that few are willing to discuss or admit.
While it seems that everyone else’s fertility is right on par, it’s important to understand that you don’t actually know their back story unless they tell you outright. For all you know, your co-worker has been trying to get pregnant for months. Or some other acquaintance miscarried or lost a baby. They’re more likely to display the happy signs of pregnancy, but they’re less likely to announce their fertility struggles.
Sometimes, it’s easiest just to assume that people had a more difficult time fertility-wise than they’re letting on. For some people, they might have more trepidation about announcing their successful pregnancy or are just private people, but others might be so elated that they finally were able to get pregnant, fertility issues and all, that they’ll announce it to the world.
If you’re experiencing fertility issues and feel helpless, depressed or generally sad, it helps to build a solid network of people you can rely on. Reach out to family and learn more about their own fertility issues. Sometimes fertility issues run in the family. Talk to your friends; even if they didn’t experience any problems getting pregnant, they are bound to know people who have. Look for support groups in your neighbourhood or even online. Lastly, talk to a therapist about what you’re feeling.
It’s also important to find a fertility specialist who is reputable. While it would be ideal to find a doctor who can double as a therapist, however, it’s better to let the fertility specialist focus on your physical health while a therapist can help you through the more emotional aspects. It’s important to keep in mind that sometimes the best fertility specialists might not have the time or personality that matches your emotional needs. At the same time, it’s crucial that the fertility practice explains your options and procedures clearly to you. They may also have a mentor program in which they can partner you with other patients or former patients who can help you through the whole process.
While stress over fertility issues is quite common, it can help to try some activities that reduce the stress. Yoga, meditation, t’ai chi, or even walking with your partner can help boost circulation and relieve some tension while also spending time together.
